Muaj ntau hom refractory raw khoom thiab ntau yam kev faib tawm. Feem ntau muaj rau pawg.
Ua ntej, raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm refractory raw khoom faib
Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv oxide thiab cov khoom tsis yog oxide. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, qee cov organic tebchaw tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej lossis cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm siab.
Ob, raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm refractory raw khoom faib
Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, xws li silica, zircon, thiab lwm yam; Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, xws li corundum, bauxite (acidic), mullite (acidic), pyrite (alkaline), graphite, thiab lwm yam. Alkaline hluav taws kub tsis kam raw cov ntaub ntawv, xws li magnesia, dolomite xuab zeb, magnesia calcium xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam.
Peb, raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm muaj nuj nqi kev faib tawm
Raws li nws lub luag haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem refractory ntau lawm, cov khoom siv raw khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv raw.
Lub ntsiab raw khoom yog lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv refractory. Cov khoom siv raw tuaj yeem muab faib ua binders thiab additives. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv khi yog ua kom lub cev refractory muaj lub zog txaus hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab siv. Feem ntau siv yog sulfite pulp khib nyiab kua, asphalt, phenolic resin, aluminate cement, sodium silicate, phosphoric acid thiab phosphate, sulfate, thiab qee cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb lawv tus kheej muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, xws li cov av nplaum sib txuas; Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntxiv yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev tsim khoom lossis tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, lossis ntxiv dag zog rau qee yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv refractory, xws li stabilizer, dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, inhibitor, plasticizer, foaming agent dispersant, expansion agent, antioxidant, etc.
Plaub, raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm acid thiab base classification
Raws li cov kua qaub thiab alkali, cov khoom siv raw khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsib pawg hauv qab no.
(1) Acid raw khoom
Feem ntau siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv, xws li quartz, squamquartz, quartzite, chalcedony, chert, opal, quartzite, dawb silica xuab zeb, diatomite, cov siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj silica (SiO2) yam tsawg kawg nkaus nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 90%, cov ntaub ntawv ntshiab muaj silica li. rau ntau tshaj 99%. Siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv yog acidic nyob rau hauv high kub tshuaj dynamics, thaum muaj hlau oxides, los yog thaum nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj, thiab ua ke rau hauv fusible silicates. Yog li ntawd, yog tias cov khoom siv raw siliceous muaj me me ntawm cov hlau oxide, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau nws cov cua sov.
(2) semi-acidic raw khoom
Nws yog feem ntau refractory av nplaum. Hauv kev faib tawm yav dhau los, av nplaum tau teev ua cov khoom siv acidic, qhov tseeb tsis tsim nyog. Lub acidity ntawm refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv yog raws li dawb silica (SiO2) raws li lub ntsiab lub cev, vim hais tias raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm refractory av nplaum thiab siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv, cov dawb silica nyob rau hauv refractory av nplaum yog ntau tsawg tshaj li siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv.
Vim tias muaj 30% ~ 45% alumina nyob rau hauv cov av nplaum refractory, thiab alumina tsis tshua muaj lub xeev dawb, ua ke nrog silica rau hauv kaolinite (Al2O3 · 2SiO2 · 2H2O), txawm tias muaj me ntsis silica ntau dhau, lub luag haujlwm yog me me heev. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej acid ntawm cov av nplaum refractory yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntau dua li cov khoom siv siliceous. Qee cov neeg ntseeg tias cov av nplaum refractory ntawm qhov kub kub decomposition rau hauv dawb silicate, dawb alumina, tab sis tsis hloov pauv, dawb silicate thiab dawb alumina yuav muab sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv quartz (3Al2O3·2SiO2) thaum txuas ntxiv mus. Quartz muaj cov kua qaub zoo rau alkaline slag, thiab vim tias qhov nce ntawm alumina muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv cov av nplaum refractory, cov kua qaub maj mam poob qis, thaum alumina mus txog 50%, alkaline lossis nruab nrab cov khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua los ntawm av nplaum cib nyob rau hauv siab, siab ceev. , zoo compact, tsis muaj porosity, tsis kam mus rau alkaline slag muaj zog dua silica nyob rau hauv kub kub. Quartz kuj qeeb heev ntawm nws cov erosivity, yog li peb xav tias nws tsim nyog los faib cov av nplaum refractory li semi-acidic. Refractory av nplaum yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab dav siv raw khoom hauv kev lag luam refractory.
(3) nruab nrab raw khoom
Cov khoom siv nruab nrab feem ntau yog chromite, graphite, silicon carbide (artificial), nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kub thiab txias tsis hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub lossis alkaline slag. Tam sim no muaj ob yam khoom zoo li no, chromite thiab graphite. Ntxiv nrog rau ntuj graphite, muaj cov khoom siv graphite, cov khoom siv nruab nrab no, muaj qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv slag, zoo tshaj plaws rau alkaline refractory cov ntaub ntawv thiab acid refractory rwb thaiv tsev.
(4) alkaline refractory raw khoom
Feem ntau yog magnesite (magnesite), dolomite, txiv qaub, olivine, serpentine, siab alumina oxygen raw cov ntaub ntawv (qee zaum nruab nrab), cov ntaub ntawv raw muaj zog tiv thaiv alkaline slag, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv masonry alkaline rauv, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim thiab acid slag tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua ntsev.
(5) Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb refractory
Feem ntau yog zirconia, titanium oxide, beryllium oxide, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, yttrium oxide thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv raw no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau txhua hom slag, tab sis vim tias cov khoom siv raw khoom tsis ntau, tsis tuaj yeem siv ntau ntawm kev lag luam refractory, tsuas yog siv tau tshwj xeeb, yog li nws yog hu ua hluav taws kub tshwj xeeb. tsis kam raw cov ntaub ntawv.
Tsib, raws li tiam ntawm raw khoom faib
Raws li tiam ntawm cov khoom siv raw, tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws ob pawg.
(1) natural refractory raw khoom
Natural mineral raw cov ntaub ntawv tseem yog lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Minerals uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom uas ua rau lawv. Tam sim no, nws tau raug pov thawj tias tag nrho cov pa oxygen, silicon thiab aluminium peb lub ntsiab lus suav txog li 90% ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv cov pob zeb, thiab oxide, silicate thiab aluminosilicate minerals suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb, uas yog qhov loj heev. reserves ntawm natural raw khoom.
Tuam Tshoj muaj nplua nuj refractory raw khoom, muaj ntau yam. Magnesite, bauxite, graphite thiab lwm yam khoom siv tuaj yeem hu ua peb tus ncej ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv raw khoom refractory; Magnesite thiab bauxite, loj reserves, qib siab; Qhov zoo tshaj plaws refractory av nplaum, silica, dolomite, magnesia dolomite, magnesia olivine, serpentine, zircon thiab lwm yam kev pab cuam yog dav faib.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog: silica, quartz, diatomite, wax, av nplaum, bauxite, cyanite ntxhia raw cov ntaub ntawv, magnesite, dolomite, limestone, magnesite olivine, serpentine, talc, chlorite, zircon, plagiozircon, perlite, chromium hlau thiab ntuj graphite.
Rau, Raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv raw khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
Siliceous: xws li crystalline silica, quartz xuab zeb cemented silica, thiab lwm yam.;
② semi-siliceous (phyllachite, thiab lwm yam)
③ Av nplaum: xws li av nplaum tawv, mos av nplaum, thiab lwm yam; Muab cov av nplaum thiab av nplaum clinker
(4) High aluminium: tseem hu ua jade, xws li siab bauxite, sillimanite minerals;
⑤ Magnesium: Magnesite;
⑥ Dolomite;
⑦ Chromite [(Fe,Mg)O·(Cr,Al)2O3];
Zircon (ZrO2 · SiO2).
Ntuj raw cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau muaj ntau impurities, muaj pes tsawg leeg yog unstable, kev ua tau zoo fluctuates heev, tsuas yog ob peb raw cov ntaub ntawv yuav siv tau ncaj qha, feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau purified, graded los yog calcined kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory.
(2) cov khoom siv hluavtaws hluavtaws
Cov hom ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim siv rau cov khoom siv raw yog txwv, thiab lawv feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Synthetic refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag tib neeg cov khoom tsim ua ntej tsim tshuaj ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv, nws cov kev ntxhib los mos ntshiab, ntom qauv, tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog yooj yim los tswj, yog li qhov zoo yog ruaj khov, muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau yam khoom siv refractory, yog lub ntsiab raw. cov khoom siv niaj hnub muaj kev txawj ntse thiab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis siab. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws refractory yog nrawm heev hauv nees nkaum xyoo dhau los.
Synthetic refractory raw khoom yog magnesium aluminium spinel, hluavtaws mullite, seawater magnesia, hluavtaws magnesium cordierite, sintered corundum, aluminium titanate, silicon carbide thiab lwm yam.
Post lub sij hawm: May-19-2023
